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Atom Femto Trap
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A
single atom “at
rest” is an ideal physical
object for many fundamental and applied investigations. A good
approximation is
an atom that is cooled by laser light and localized in a trap. However,
a
potential localizing the atom provides an perturbing effect on both
external
and internal degrees of freedom of the atom. The best situation is the
cooling
of the atom to a temperature corresponding to the energy of the atomic
ground
state, where the atom occupies the minimum phase space. Although the
spatial
motion of the atom is minimal in the ground state, this motion affects
the
internal degrees of freedom. Most fundamental and applied
investigations are
focused on the internal degrees of freedom. We propose and investigate
approach
to the minimization of the effect of the localizing field on the atom
– Atom
Femto Trap. Its essence is the use of the short-term and
time-periodic action
of the laser field on the spatial motion of a very slow atom.
In such a
scheme, the atom is free of the perturbing effect of the localizing
field for a
time interval (1 – tp
/ T ), where tp
is the duration of the action and T is its
repetition period. When femto
second pulses are used, the relative time interval during which the
atom is
situated in the localizing field may be very short, i.e., 10 -7
-10 -6
, i.e., the atom is almost at rest. References:
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Institute for spectroscopy RAS, Fizicheskaya Str., 5, Troitsk, Moscow, 142190 Russia
phone: +7 495 851-02-33
e-mail: atom.nano.optics@gmail.com